Prinsip Free, Prior, and Informed Consent dalam Mencegah Deforestasi di Hutan Adat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30649/htlj.v9i1.301Kata Kunci:
FPIC, hutan adat, perlindungan hukumAbstrak
Prinsip Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) merupakan standar hukum internasional yang menjamin hak masyarakat adat untuk memberikan persetujuan terhadap proyek yang berdampak pada wilayah dan kehidupan mereka. Di Indonesia, prinsip ini belum secara eksplisit diadopsi dalam sistem hukum nasional, sehingga pengelolaan kawasan hutan adat, seperti yang terjadi di Rawa Singkil, kerap berlangsung tanpa persetujuan sah dari komunitas adat. Ketidakhadiran pengaturan yang jelas terkait FPIC menciptakan celah hukum yang berdampak pada legitimasi izin usaha, perlindungan hak masyarakat adat, dan potensi pelanggaran hak asasi manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana prinsip FPIC diatur dan diimplementasikan dalam hukum nasional Indonesia serta menilai konsekuensi hukum dari ketidakpatuhannya dalam konteks pengelolaan hutan adat. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual, kajian ini menemukan bahwa pengabaian FPIC tidak hanya bertentangan dengan semangat konstitusi dan komitmen internasional, tetapi juga berdampak pada disintegrasi sosial dan ketimpangan relasi kuasa antara masyarakat adat dan negara. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pengakuan eksplisit terhadap prinsip FPIC dalam peraturan perundang-undangan nasional serta pembentukan mekanisme pelaksanaan yang partisipatif, adil, dan mengikat secara hukum guna mewujudkan pembangunan yang inklusif dan berkeadilan ekologis.Unduhan
Referensi
Afrizal, Elfitra, and Zuldesni. "Analysing the effectiveness of the roundtable on sustainable palm oil's Free, Prior and Informed Consent policy to respect customary land rights." Journal of International Development 35, no 5 (September 11, 2023): 761-780, https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3700.
Arsyi Manggali Arya Putra, Suwirno Prawira, Rohman, and Ilham Dwi Rafiqi. “The Role of Environmental Administration Law: A Study of Environmental Struggle of the Awyu Tribe”. Hang Tuah Law Journal 9, no. 1 (April, 2025): 33–58, https://doi.org/10.30649/htlj.v9i1.258.
George Barrie. “Chapter 8 The ‘Right’ to Free, Prior and Informed Consent: Evolving Customary International Law”, In Courts and Diversity, Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, Nijhoff (2024): 195-227, http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13040408.
Florence Pendrill et al. “Disentangling the numbers behind agriculture-driven tropical deforestation”, Science 377, no. 6611 (September 9, 2022): 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abm9267.
Hendra, Rahmad, Firdaus Firdaus, and Samariadi Samariadi. "Principle of Free, Prior and Informed Consent as a Resolution of Land Conflicts Between Oil Palm Plantation Companies and Indigenous Peoples in Kampar Regency." 2nd Riau Annual Meeting on Law and Social Sciences (RAMLAS 2021). Atlantis Press, 2022, https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220406.022.
Hilman, “Pemantauan Terhadap Dampak Deforestasi dan Ancaman yang Ditimbulkan Oleh Eksploitasi Sumber Daya Alam,” Auriga, Oktober 10, 2025, https://auriga.or.id/2025-monitoring-on-deforestation-impact?lang=id.
Lizarazo-Rodriguez, Liliana, Alice Lopes Fabris, and Doreen Montag. "Indigenous peoples as trustees of forests: a bio-socio-cultural approach to international law." International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics 25, no 1 (2025): 145-170, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10784-024-09654-w.
Lydia A Bazzano, Jaquail Durant, and Paula Rhode Brantley. "A modern history of informed consent and the role of key information." Ochsner Journal 21.1 (2021): 81-85, https://doi.org/10.31486/toj.19.0105.
Marichin, Mg Muoz, et al. "Prior consultation as a guarantee of the collective rights of indigenous peoples: A literature review." International Journal of Environmental Sciences 11, no 3S (2025): 867-891, https://theaspd.com/index.php/ijes/article/view/528.
Muhamad Sayuti Hassan, et al. “Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) and the Right to Self-Determination: A Case Study of Indigenous Peoples in ASEAN Member States,” Routledge Handbook of the UN Sustainable Development Goals Research and Policy. Routledge 1 (2025): 284-296, https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003285472-21/free-prior-informed-consent-fpic-right-self-determination-muhamad-sayuti-hassan-rohaida-nordin-izawati-wook-nurul-hidayat-ab-rahman.
Mustafaeva, Dilshodakhon. "An Examination of Indigenous Peoples’ Right to Consultation and Free, Prior and Informed Consent: A Case Study of Sveaskog and the Swedish Forestry Industry." Lund University (2024), https://lup.lub.lu.se/luur/download?func=downloadFile&recordOId=9175125&fileOId=9175126.
NA, Nasywa Kayla, Safar Nasa, and Anisa Salsabila. “Prinsip Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) Sebagai Pilar Hak Asasi Manusia Dalam Resolusi Konflik Wilayah Adat Pulau Rempang”, Jurnal Retentum 7, No. 1 (2025): 51-62.
Newing, Helen, et al. "Participatory’conservation research involving indigenous peoples and local communities: Fourteen principles for good practice." Biological Conservation 296 (August. 2024): 110708, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110708.
Radhityas Kharisma Nuryasinta, et al. "Indigenous Peoples’ Rights and the Use of Natural Resources: Rethinking the Project of Rempang Eco City." Proceedings of the International Conference on Law Reform (5th Inclar 2024). Vol. 870. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-362-7_18.
Radhityas Kharisma Nuryasinta and Padhina Pangestika. "Legalitas Aset dan Manajemen Lahan Sebagai Penguatan Reforma Agraria: Studi Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Petani Gurem." Tunas Agraria 8, no 2 (2025): 236-251, http://dx.doi.org/10.31292/jta.v8i2.421.
Rafiqi, I. D., “Recognition of Indigenous Peoples Values in Indonesia for Policy Addressing Climate Change”, Journal of Law and Legal Reform 6, no. 1 (2025): 1-40, https://doi.org/10.15294/jllr.v6i1.11746
Rahmi Jasim, et al Raphael. "Setting of free and prior informed consent to the protection of indigenous peoples' rights to water resources in Indonesia," Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology 9, no 3 (2025): 2558-2574, https://doi.org/10.55214/25768484.v9i3.5849.
Rajat Panwar, Jonatan Pinkse, Benjamin Cashore, Bryan W. Husted. “Why corporate sustainability initiatives fail to reduce deforestation and what to do about it”. Business Strategy and the Environment 32, no 8 (April 11, 2023): 5121-5127, https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.3421.
Retno Kusniati. “Free, Prior, and Informed Consent Principles as Indigenous Peoples’ Right: Soft Law or Hard Law?”. Jambe Law Journal 7, no 1 (2024): 169-193, https://doi.org/10.22437/home.v7i1.350.
Rico Septian Noor. “Rekonstruksi Kedudukan Lembaga Adat Sebagai Sarana Perlindungan Hukum Hak Ulayat Masyarakat Hukum Adat di Kalimantan Tengah Berbasis Nilai Keadilan”, Disertasi (Semarang: Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, 2024): 145, https://repository.unissula.ac.id/38757/.
Roro Utari Indra Dewi, Alfan Zuhaiery, Ninda Halimatus Sa’diyah, Tasya Fatchiati Rizqiya, Hany Nurpratiwi. “Harmonisasi Masyarakat Dan Pemerintah Untuk Mengatasi Deforestasi Di Selatan Tulungagung”. Dewantara: Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Humaniora 2, no.2 (Juni 2, 2023): 149-157, https://doi.org/10.30640/dewantara.v2i2.1029.
Rudolph C Ryser. "A framework for implementing the principle of free, prior, and Informed consent (FPIC)-comity or conflict." Fourth World Journal 24, No 1 (June 1, 2024): 125-145, https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/informit.T2024060600003091984076418.
Sawathvong, Soukphavanh, and Kimihiko Hyakumura. "A comparison of the free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC) guidelines and the “Implementation of Governance, Forest Landscapes, and Livelihoods” project in Lao PDR: The FPIC team composition and the implementation process." Land 13, no 4 (March 23, 2024): 408, https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/13/4/408#.
Sofyan, Radiana, Iqbar Iqbar, and Ryan Moulana. “Pengimplementasian SMART patrol terhadap aktivitas illegal (pembalakan dan perambahan) di kawasan konservasi Suaka Margasatwa Rawa Singkil”, Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 5, No. 3 (2020): 43-49, https://doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v5i3.14843.
Sugianto, S., A. M. Muslih, U. H. Ar-Rasyid, and A. Anhar. “Vegetation analysis of rawa singkil wildlife reserve in Rantau Gedang Village, Singkil District, Aceh Singkil Regency, Aceh Province”, In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 667, No. 1 (2021): 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/667/1/012068.
Syahrani, Lathifa Putri Wiedhya, Luthfia Luthfia, Khotrotun Nida Farikha, Lunetta Khalis Alfiyah, and Ahmad Dwi Setyawan. “Dinamika Ekologi Lahan Basah Dan Upaya Pelestarian Kawasan Suaka Margasatwa Rawa Singkil, Aceh,” Environmental Pollution Journal 4, No. 1 (2024): 918-933, https://doi.org/10.58954/epj.v4i1.174.
The Tree Map, “Sumatran orangutans on the Brink: Palm Oil Deforestation Breaks Records in key Protected Area,” Nusantara Atlas, February 9, 2023, https://nusantara-atlas.org/sumatran-orangutans-on-the-brink-palm-oil-deforestation-breaks-records-in-key-protected-area/
Yuko Osakada. "Pitfalls of the green transition: Towards a genuine understanding of the right to free, prior and informed consent of the Indigenous peoples." Polar Science 44 (June 2025): 101119, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polar.2024.101119.
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Cara Mengutip
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Hang Tuah Law Journal

Artikel ini berlisensi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.












